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Yoon Eun-hye (윤은혜) – Biography, Net-worth, Siblings, Family, Income and Salary
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Keith Stoltz Net Worth, Income, Salary, Earnings, Biography
Keith Stoltz Net Worth, Income, Salary, Earnings, Biography. Keith Stoltz Net Worth : $ 900,000. Lets check out updated 2021 Keith …
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John Harvey Kellogg – Wikipedia
John Harvey Kellogg (February 26, 1852 – December 14, 1943) was an American medical doctor, nutritionist, inventor, health activist, eugenicist, …
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John Harvey Kellogg
American physician, inventor, and businessman (1852–1943)
John Harvey Kellogg (February 26, 1852 – December 14, 1943) was an American medical doctor, nutritionist, inventor, health activist, eugenicist, and businessman. He is the director of the Battle Creek Sanitarium in Battle Creek, Michigan. The sanitarium was founded by members of the Seventh-day Adventist Church. It combines aspects of a European spa, a hydrotherapy institution, a hospital and a high-class hotel. Kellogg treated the rich and famous, as well as the poor who could not afford other hospitals.
Disagreements with other church members led to a major schism within the denomination: Kellogg was disfellowshipped in 1907, but continued to adhere to many Adventist beliefs and headed the sanitarium until his death in 1943. Kellogg also helped establish the American Medical Missionary College in 1895. [1] The college operated independently until 1910, when it merged with Illinois State University.
Kellogg was a major leader in progressive health reform, particularly in the second phase of the clean living movement. [2] [3] He has written extensively on science and health. His approach to “biologic living” combined scientific knowledge with Adventist beliefs, advocated health reform, and restraint. His promotion of the development of anaphrodisiac foods is based on these beliefs. [4] Many of the vegetarian dishes developed and offered by Kellogg to his patients are sold to the public: Kellogg’s brother is now known for the invention of breakfast cereal corn flakes, Will Keith Kellogg. [5] [6] His brothers’ creation of the modern breakfast cereal changed “the American breakfast landscape forever.” [3]
As an early proponent of the germ theory of disease, Kellogg was ahead of his time in linking intestinal flora and the presence of bacteria in intestines to health and disease. The sanitarium approaches treatment in a holistic way, actively promoting vegetarianism, nutrition, the use of enemas to cleanse the “intestinal flora”, exercise, sun-bathing, and hydrotherapy, as well as smoking prevention. , drinking alcoholic beverages, and sexual intercourse. activity.
Kellogg has dedicated the last 30 years of his life to promoting eugenics. He was the founder of the Race Betterment Foundation, [7] which organized several National Conferences on Race Betterment and tried to create a ‘eugenics registry’. Alongside discouragement of ‘racial mixing’, Kellogg is in favor of sterilizing ‘people with mental disabilities’, advancing the eugenics agenda while working with the Michigan Board of Health [8] and helping to adopt authorization to sterilize those deemed ‘mentally handicapped’ in state laws during his tenure. [9] [10]
Many popular misconceptions wrongly link various cultural practices, inventions, and historical events in Kellogg. [11] [12]
Personal life [edit]
Kellogg in 1881, aged about 29
John Harvey Kellogg was born in Tyrone, Michigan, on February 26, 1852, [13] to John Preston Kellogg (1806–1881) and his second wife, Ann Janette Stanley (1824–1893). [5] His father, John Preston Kellogg, was born in Hadley, Massachusetts; his ancestors can be traced back to the establishment of Hadley, Massachusetts, where a great -grandfather operated a ferry. [14] John Preston Kellogg and his family moved to Michigan in 1834, and after the death of his first wife and his remarriage in 1842, to a farm in Tyrone Township. [15]: 9 [16]: 14–18 In addition to six children from his first marriage, John Preston Kellogg had 11 children with his second wife Ann, including John Harvey and his younger brother, Will Keith Kellogg. [17]
John Preston Kellogg became a member of several revivalist movements, including the Baptist, Congregationalist Church, and finally the Seventh-day Adventist Church. [15]: 9 He was one of four followers who pledged large sums to convince the Seventh-day Adventist Ellen Mr. White and his wife, James Springer White, moved to Battle Creek, Michigan, with their publishing business, in 1855.[15]: 10 In 1856, the Kellogg family moved to Battle Creek to be close to other members of the denomination. There John Preston Kellogg founded a broom factory. [15]: 9
The Kelloggs believed that the Second Coming of Christ was imminent, and that the formal education of their children was therefore no longer necessary. Originally a sick child, John Harvey Kellogg attended Battle Creek public schools only briefly, from ages 9–11. He left school to work repairing brooms at his father’s broom factory. However, he read diligently and got extensive but more self -explanatory. At the age of 12, John Harvey Kellogg was offered a job by the Whites. He became one of their protégés, [18]: 111–112 rose from errand boy to printer devil, and eventually did proofreading. and editorial work. [19] She helped set up articles for Health, or how to live and The Health Reformer, became familiar with Ellen G. White’s health theories, and began to follow recommendations such as the vegetarian diet. [16]: 28 Described by Ellen White described her husband’s relationship with John Harvey Kellogg as closer than that of her own children. [18]: 111–112
Kellogg hoped to become a teacher, and at age 16 taught in a school district in Hastings, Michigan. [16]: 29–30 At age 20, he enrolled in a teacher training course offered by Michigan State. Normal School. [20] Kelloggs and the Whites, however, convinced him to join his half-brothers Merritt, Edson White, William C. White, and Jennie Trembley, as students in a six-month medical course at Russell Trall’s Hygieo-Therapeutic College in Florence Township, New Jersey. Their goal was to form a group of trained physicians for the Adventist-inspired Western Health Reform Institute in Battle Creek. [16]: 30 Under the auspices of the Whites, John Harvey Kellogg continued to study medical school at the University of Michigan and the Bellevue Hospital Medical College in New York City. He graduated in 1875 with a degree in medicine. [20] In October 1876, Kellogg became director of the Western Health Reform Institute. [20] In 1877, he renamed it the Battle Creek Medical Surgical Sanitarium, [6] which cleverly coined the term “sanitarium” to suggest both hospital care and the importance of sanitation and personal health. [21] Kellogg led the institution until his death in 1943. [6]
John Harvey Kellogg married Ella Ervilla Eaton (1853–1920) of Alfred Center, New York, on February 22, 1879. The couple maintained separate bedrooms and had no biological children. However, they were foster parents to 42 children, legally adopting 8 of them, before Ella died in 1920. [22] Adopted children include Agnes Grace, Elizabeth Ella, Harriett Eleanor, John William, Ivaline Maud, Paul Alfred, Robert Mofatt, and Newell Carey. [23]
In 1937, Kellogg received an honorary degree in Doctor of Public Service from Oglethorpe University. [24]
Pulitzer Prize -winning historian Will Durant, who has been a vegetarian since the age of 18, called Dr. Kellogg as “his old mentor”, [25] and said that Drs. Kellogg, more than any man since he was in high school, has influenced his life. [26]
Kellogg died on December 14, 1943, in Battle Creek, Michigan. [5] He was buried in Oak Hill Cemetery in Battle Creek, Michigan. [27]: 385 [28] Among others buried there were his parents, his brother W.K. Kellogg, his brother’s wife, James White, Ellen G. White, C. W. Post, Uriah Smith, and Sojourner Truth. [29] [non-primary source required] At his will, Kellogg left his entire estate- property of the Race Betterment Foundation. [27]: 321
Theological perspective [edit]
Kellogg was raised in the Seventh-day Adventist Church from childhood. Chosen as a protégé of the Whites and trained as a physician, Kellogg had a prominent role as a speaker at church meetings. [15]: xiii – xv
Throughout his life, Kellogg experienced pressure from science and religion regarding his theological views. [15]: xiii – xv At the Seventeenth Annual Session of the General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists, October 4, 1878, the following action is taken:WHEREAS, The impression arises from some unknown reason that J. H. Kellogg, M.D., possesses disbelieving feelings, which do him great injustice, and also endanger his influence as chief physician of the Sanitarium. ; therefore
RESOLUTION, That we think justice to the doctor and to the Institute under his medical charge, requests that he have the privilege of communicating his feelings, and that he be invited to appear before the gatherers in this place , according to the harmony of science and the Scriptures.
This resolution was adopted unanimously, after which the Conference adjourned to the call of the chair.
[Note. – In accordance with the previous resolution, Dr. Kellogg gave, in front of a large audience, on October 6, a great speech on the harmony of science and the Bible, in which the congregation gave him a vote of thanks.] [30]
Harmony of science and the Bible
Kellogg defended the “harmony of science and the Bible” throughout his career, but he was active during the transitional period, when both science and medicine became increasingly secular. White and others in the Adventist ministry were concerned that Kellogg’s students and staff were in danger of losing their religious beliefs, while Kellogg felt that many ministers had failed to recognize his expertise and the importance of his medical work.There was constant tension between his authority as a doctor, and their authority as ministers. [31] However, Kellogg tried to reconcile science and medicine with religion, rejecting their separation, and emphasizing the presence of God within God’s creation of living things. [15]: xiii – xv
The heart is a muscle. The heart pounded. My arm would wrinkle and cause a fist to beat; but it only throbs when my will commands. But here’s a muscle in the body that throbs when I’m sleeping. It throbs when my mood is inactive and I am completely unconscious. It keeps beating all the time. What is the mood that causes this heartbeat? The heart cannot beat once without command. To me it’s a most amazing thing that someone’s heart keeps beating. It doesn’t beat by my will; because I cannot stop the beating of the heart, or speed up or slow down its beating by commanding it according to my will. But there is a will that controls the heart. The divine will causes it to throb, and the throbbing of that heart that you feel, as you place your hand on the chest, or as you place your finger on the wrist, is an evidence of the divine presence that we are. it is within us, that God is within, that there is intelligence, a power, a will within, that commands the activities of our bodies and controls them… [32]
He further explained these ideas in his book The Living Temple (1903):
There is a clear, complete, satisfactory explanation of the most subtle, the most wonderful phenomena of nature,-that is, an infinite Intelligence that produces its purposes. God is the enlightenment of nature, – not a God outside of nature, but in nature, who manifests himself through and in all things, movements, and various phenomena of the universe. … The tree does not create itself; a creative power continues to persist here. The trunks and leaves come out from inside the tree … So there is power in the tree that creates and maintains it, one who makes the tree in the tree, one who makes the flower in the flower, – a divine architect who understands every law of proportion, an infinite painter who possesses the unlimited power of expression in color and form; there is, all over the world around us, an eternal, divine, though invisible Presence, in which the unenlightened may be blind, but which always expresses itself through its unceasing, generous activity. [ 33]Along with Kellogg’s defense of God’s presence in nature against secularization, his religious colleagues saw his descriptions of God’s presence in nature as evidence of panentheistic tendencies (Everything is in God). [34] Kellogg rejected their criticisms of religion, asserting that his views on the indwelling divinity were a retelling of the omnipresence of God, and not pantheism. [15]: xiii – xv [16]: 189
Pantheism Crisis [edit]
The so -called “Crisis of Pantheism” in 1903 was an important moment in church history. Kellogg’s theological views are only one of the issues involved: the operation of the sanitarium is equal if not more important. [15]: xiii – xv Control over the sanitarium and its finances has been a source of controversy for some. period, especially as institutions expand and attract more affluent patients. [35] Tensions were broken when the Battle Creek Sanitarium, originally owned by the Seventh-day Adventist Church but managed by Kellogg, was destroyed by fire on February 18, 1902. Although nearly all visitors escaped safely, the property loss is estimated at $ 300,000 to $ 400,000, approximately twice the amount insured. [36]
Ellen G. White, who declared that a cleansing sword of fire was ready to be increasingly “worldly” and focused on the Battle Creek business, was opposed to the rebuilding of the large institution. [37] [38] Although he apparently wrote a manuscript testifying against the reconstruction in 1902, it was not sent to Kellogg at that time, [37] and Kellogg was not directly consulted about his plans. [31]: 38 In support. of the board of directors, he not only rebuilt the institution, but doubled its size. The new building was designed by architect Frank Mills Andrews of Ohio [39] and opened on May 31, 1903. [15]: xiii – xv [34]: 189 Designed to be fireproof, the new brick building is six stories the height, with an elegant façade that extends 550 feet along Washington Avenue, and three wings that open at the back. It included, among other things, a solarium and palm court, and cost more than $ 700,000. [40]
Dismissal [edit]
Kellogg used the proceeds from his book The Living Temple to help pay for rebuilding costs. The printing of the book was opposed by a commission of the General Council of Adventists after W. W. Prescott, one of the four members of the commission, argued that it was heretical. When Kellogg arranged to print it privately, the book went through its own test by fire: on December 30, 1902, the Herald burned where the book was typeset and ready to print. [34] When it finally appeared in 1903, the book was heavily criticized by White for what he considered to be many statements of pantheism. [15]: 84–89 Over the next few years, conflict between Kellogg increased, General Conference President A. G. Daniells and others. [37] In 1907, Kellogg was “disfellowshipped”, as part of a schism that separated the church. Kellogg retained control of the Battle Creek Sanitarium and American Medical Missionary College, and continued to promote Adventist ideas of health and well -being at those institutions. [31] [41]
In the latter part of life, Kellogg spoke positively about Seventh-day Adventists and Ellen G. White’s prophetic ministry, despite their struggles. In 1941, in response to critic E. S. Ballenger, Kellogg advised Ballenger for his critical attitude toward Mrs. White. [42]
Mrs. White is undoubtedly an inspired woman. Despite this fact, he was human and had made many mistakes and probably suffered more from those mistakes than any other human being. However, I know that the woman is sincere and honest and the influence of her life has been a tremendous help to so many people, and I have not the slightest desire in any way to undermine to the smallest degree the good influence of her life and work. . [42]
Battle Creek Sanitarium [edit]
Kellogg was a Seventh-day Adventist until mid-life, and gained fame while he was the chief medical officer of the Battle Creek Sanitarium, which is owned and operated by the Seventh-day Adventist Church.The sanitarium was operated based on the health principles of the church. Adventists believe in promoting a vegetarian diet, avoiding alcohol and tobacco, and an exercise regimen, all of which Kellogg followed. He is remembered as an advocate of vegetarianism [43] and wrote in favor of it, even after leaving the Adventist Church. [44] His dietary advice in the late 19th century discouraged eating meat, but not much. His development of an inexpensive diet was driven in part by the Adventist goal to reduce sexual stimulation. [45]
Kellogg was a particularly strong advocate of peanuts, which he believed would save humanity in the face of declining food supplies. [46] Although better known today for his formulation of corn flakes, Kellogg also invented the process for making peanut butter [47] [48] and developed the healthy “granose biscuits” that became popular until in Australia [49] and England. [50]
The Battle Creek Sanitarium has its own experimental kitchen. There, Ella Eaton Kellogg helped develop vegetarian dishes, and oversaw a “culinary school” that taught food preparation classes for housewives. [51] She has published a cookbook, Science in the Kitchen, which contains hundreds of recipes along with discussions of nutrition and household and diet management. Some of its inventive vegetarian recipes use food products created in the sanitarium, such as Nuttolene (a meat pâté made with nuts), [50] Protose (a combination of nuts and grains), [6 ] and various types of nut butters. [48] [52]
Kellogg believes that most diseases are eradicated by changes in the intestinal flora. He said that bacteria in the gut can help or hinder the body; that pathogenic bacteria produce toxins during the digestion of proteins that poison the blood; that a poor diet favors harmful bacteria that can infect other tissues in the body; that the intestinal flora is altered by diet and is generally altered for the better by a balanced vegetarian diet that favors low protein, laxative, and high -fiber foods. He recommends different regimens of specific foods designed to cure specific ailments.
Kellogg further believes that natural changes in the intestinal flora can be accelerated by enemas with seeds containing favorable bacteria. He suggested frequent use of an enema machine to clean the bowel with a few gallons of water. Water enemas are followed by giving a pint of yogurt-half is eaten, half is administered by the enema, ”thus planting the protective germs where they are most needed and can provide the most effective service. ” Yogurt served to replace the intestinal flora of the intestine, creating what Kellogg claims to be a clean intestine. [53]
Breathing exercises at Battle Creek Sanitarium (c. 1900)
Sanitarium visitors also engage in breathing exercises and mealtime marches, to promote proper digestion of food throughout the day. Because Kellogg was a staunch supporter of phototherapy, the sanitarium used artificial sunbaths. [6] Kellogg was an experienced surgeon, who often donated his services to poor patients in his clinic. [ 54] Although generally against unnecessary surgery to treat diseases, [55] [56] in his Plain Facts for Old And Young he advocated circumcision as a remedy for “local contamination” (which he thinks may leads to “uncleanness”), [57] phimosis, [58] and “in young men”, masturbation. [59]
He had many well -known patients, such as former president William Howard Taft, composer and pianist Percy Grainger, arctic explorers Vilhjalmur Stefansson and Roald Amundsen, world travelers Richard Halliburton and Lowell Thomas, aviator Amelia Earhart, economist Irving Fisher, Nobel prize winning playwright George Bernard Shaw, actor and athlete Johnny Weissmuller, founder of the Ford Motor Company Henry Ford, inventor Thomas Edison, [60] African-American activist Sojourner Truth, and actress Sarah Bernhardt. [61] [62] [63]
Patents and inventions [edit]Foods [edit]
John Harvey Kellogg developed and sold a wide variety of vegetarian food. Many of these are meant to be suitable for an improper diet, and are deliberately made easy to chew and digest. Starchy foods such as grains are ground and baked, to promote the conversion of starch to dextrin. Peanuts are ground and boiled or steamed. [16]: 114–115, 119
Foods developed by Kellogg tend to be cheap. Here, Kellogg followed the teachings of Ellen G. White and Sylvester Graham who recommended a diet of cheap foods to reduce excitement, sexual arousal, and masturbation. [64]
Breakfast cereals [edit]
Advertisement of Corn Flakes by Early Kellogg
Around 1877, John H. Kellogg began experimenting to make a softer breakfast meal, something that was easy to chew. He made a dough that was a mixture of wheat, oats, and corn. It is baked at high temperatures for a long time, to break down or “dextrinize” the starch molecules in the grain. After it had cooled, Kellogg split the bread into crumbs. The cereal was originally sold under the name “Granula” but this led to legal problems with James Caleb Jackson who was already selling a wheat cereal under that name. In 1881, under the threat of a lawsuit by Jackson, Kellogg changed the name of the sanitarium cereal to “Granola”. [27] It was first used by patients in the sanitarium, but gradually began to develop a following among former patients. [16]: 115 In 1890, John formed the Sanitas Food Company to develop and market food products. . [2]: 53
Kelloggs is known for inventing the famous breakfast cereal corn flakes. The development of flaked cereal in 1894 was described differently by those involved: Ella Eaton Kellogg, John Harvey Kellogg, her younger brother Will Keith Kellogg, and other family members. There is huge disagreement over who was involved in the discovery, and the role they played. According to some accounts, Ella suggested rolling the dough into thin sheets, and John made a set of rollers for the purpose. According to others, John had the idea in a dream, and used his wife’s kitchen utensils to do the rolling. It was generally agreed that when he was called one night, John Kellogg left a batch of wheat-berry dough. Instead of throwing it away the next morning, he sent it through rollers and he was surprised to get delicate flakes, which could be baked. Will Kellogg was assigned to find out what happened, and recreate the process reliably. Ella and Will are often in conflict, and their versions of the story tend to reduce or deny each other’s involvement, while emphasizing their own part in the discovery. [27] The process Kellogg discovered, tempering, is a key technique of the flaked cereal industry. [16]: 116
A patent for “Flaked Cereals and Process of Preparing Same” was filed on May 31, 1895, and issued on April 14, 1896, to John Harvey Kellogg as Patent No. 558,393. Notably, the patent was applied to a wide variety of grain, not just wheat. John Harvey Kellogg is the only person named in the patent. [65] Will later insisted that he, not Ella, had employed John, and repeatedly insisted that he should have received more credit than was given to him for the discovery of the flaked cereal. [27]
In their first year of production, Kelloggs sold thousands of pounds of flaked cereal, selling it as “Granose”. They continued to experiment with rice and corn as well as wheat, and in 1898 released the first batch of Sanitas Toasted Corn Flakes. A modified version with a longer shelf life was released in 1902. [6] At that time, both “Granose Biscuits” and “Granose Flakes” were available. [66]
Will Kellogg continued to develop and market flaked cereal. When he suggested adding sugar to the flakes, John did not consent to the change. So, in 1906, Will started his own company, the Battle Creek Toasted Corn Flake Company. This marked the beginning of a decade-long feud between the siblings.Will’s Battle Creek Toasted Corn Flake Company later became the Kellogg Company, while John was denied the right to use the Kellogg name for his cereals. [6] [2]: 53 [67]
They also have other competitors, including C. W. Post. The post was treated at the Battle Creek Sanitarium between February 6 and November 9, 1891, and later it was the Christian Scientists he recognized for his successful treatment. He settled in Battle Creek, opened his own sanitarium, the LaVita Inn, in March 1892, and founded his own dry foods company, Post Holdings. [68] The Post began selling Postum coffee substitutes in 1895. [69] He provided Grape-Nuts breakfast cereal, a mixture of yeast, barley and wheat, in January 1898. [68] In January 1906, the Post introduced “Elijah’s Manna”, later renamed it Post Toasties Double-Crisp Corn Flakes, and sold it as a direct competitor to Kellogg’s Corn Flakes. [67] [70]
John Harvey Kellogg was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame in 2006 for his discovery of tempering and the invention of the first dry flaked breakfast cereal, which “changed the typical American breakfast”. [71]
Peanut butter [edit]
John H. Kellogg was one of many people recognized for the invention of peanut butter. [72] [47] Rose Davis of Alligerville, New York is reported to have made peanut spread in 1840, after her son described Cuban women grinding peanuts and eating paste on bread. [47]: 30 In 1884, Marcellus, Marcellus Gilmore Edson (1849– 1940) of Montreal, Canada obtained a patent for “Making peanut-candy”, which combines 1 part “flavoring paste” made from roasted peanuts with 7 parts sugar. [73 ] In 1894, George A. Bayle of St. Louis sells a “Cheese Nut” snack food that contains nuts and cheese; a peanut-only version seems to be more successful. [72] [74] George Washington Carver is often recognized for his scientific work on peanuts and advancing their use. [75]: 357 Carver and Kellogg correspond in the 1920s and 30s about the use of both peanuts and sweet potatoes. [76]
Some form of nut butter, probably made from peanuts, was served to patients at Battle Creek Sanitarium before October 1895, when Kellogg wrote to Ellen White that “some very good preparation from peanuts” completely replaced butter. [75]: 357 Kellogg did not explicitly patent peanut butter, and later said that it was meant: “Let everyone who wants to have it, and use it to the fullest”. [47]: 32 Kellogg , however, applied for two patents related to “nut butters” in 1895, before it was made by anyone. [75]
On November 4, 1895, John H. Kellogg applied for two patents related to the manufacture of peanut butter. [75] Patent No. 567901, granted September 15, 1896, is for a “Food Compound” to produce “an enhanced article of manufacture, the alimentary product consisting of completely dissolved starch, fully emulsified vegetable oil such as described, and thoroughly cooked and refined. -divided vegetable proteins derived from nuts, as specified. ” The process described involves taking raw edible nuts, preferably peanuts or almonds, bleaching them to remove their skins, and then boiling them for a few hours. The nuts are crushed and passed through rollers to separate “a fine and relatively dry and almost white nutmeal” and a “moist, sticky, sticky, and brown” butter or paste. [77]
The second patent, no. 604493, granted May 24, 1898, is for a “Process of Manufacture of Alimentary Products” from “edible nuts, preferably nuts”. The process for making the paste again involves boiling the nuts, but it was noted that grilling is a possible alternative. The final ingredient is heated in sealed cans to obtain “a product that differs in many ways from the original paste” with a uniform resemblance to cheese. [78]
By 1898, the Kelloggs were marketing a wide variety of nut-based foods through the Sanitas Nut Food Company. [79] Kellogg’s sells nut butters as a nutritious protein substitute for people who have difficulty chewing solid foods.Because peanuts are the cheapest nut available, they quickly dominate the nut butter market. [75] [47] [48]
Joseph Lambert, who worked for Kellogg in the sanitarium, began selling a hand-operated peanut butter grinder in 1896. [80] In 1899, his wife Almeida Lambert published The Guide to Nut Cookery. [47]: 33
Meat substitutes [edit]
Kellogg acknowledged his interest in meat substitutes to Charles William Dabney, an agricultural chemist and the Assistant Secretary of Agriculture. Dabney wrote to Kellogg on the subject in 1895. [16]: 119
In 1896, Kellogg introduced but did not patent “Nuttose”, the first commercially made alternative to meat. Nuttose is made primarily from nuts and resembles “cold roast mutton”. [50]: 6 By brewing or marinating, Nuttose can be made to taste like fried chicken or barbeque. Served with mashed potatoes and vegetables, it can mimic a traditional American dish. [81]
On March 19, 1901, Kellogg was granted the first United States Patent for a “vegetable substitute for meat”, for a mixture of nuts and whole grains called “Protose”. In applying for the U.S. Patent No.r “Vegetable-food Compound”, Kellogg described Protose as a product “that must have equal or greater amounts of the nutrient in equal or more usable form … With proper regulation of temperature and proportions of the ingredients, a variety of meaty flavors are developed, giving the finished product very characteristic properties. “[50]: 6 [82] Nuttose and Protose are the first of many meat alternatives. [81]
Other foods [edit]
In addition to developing imitation meats variously made from nuts, grains, and soy, Kellogg also developed the first acidophilus soy milk, [83] which was patented in 1934. [84] Kellogg suggested giving it to bottle -fed babies, to improve their intestinal fauna and fight intestinal infections. Perhaps her most famous patients were the Dionne quintuplets. When he learned that Marie had an intestinal infection, Kellogg sent a case of her soy acidophilus to their doctor, Allan Roy Dafoe. When Marie’s infection disappeared, Dafoe asked Kellogg to send an ongoing supply for the quintuplets. In 1937, everyone consumed at least one pint per day. Another famous patient who benefited from soy acidophilus was the polar explorer Richard E. Byrd. [27]: 330–333 Kellogg also sold yogurt, soy flour, and soy bread. [83]
Medical patents [edit]
Radiant heat bath by John H. Kellogg at the USPTO museum, patent no. 558,394; patented April 14, 1896
Medical inventions [edit]
Although they are less talked about than his food creations, Kellogg designed and improved a number of medical devices that are regularly used at the Battle Creek Sanitarium in surgical operations and in treatment procedures that under the term “physiotherapy”. Many of the machines invented by Kellogg were made by the Battle Creek Sanitarium Equipment Company, founded in 1890. [40] Dr. attempted. Kellogg to popularize these treatment methods, including electrotherapy, hydrotherapy, and motor therapy, in his work The Home Handbook of Domestic Hygiene and Rational Medicine, first published in 1881. [85]
Because she specializes in several gynecological surgeries (specifically hemorrhoidectomies and ovariotomies) and gastrointestinal surgeries, she has developed a variety of instruments for these operations. These include special hooks and retractors, a heated operating table, and an aseptic drainage tube used in abdominal surgery. [16]: 116–127
Additionally, Kellogg took a keen interest in making instruments for light therapy, mechanical exercise, proper breathing, and hydrotherapy. His medical inventions cover a wide range of applications and include a hot air bath, vibrating chair, oscillomanipulator, window tent for ventilation, pneumograph to graphic representation of breathing habits, [16] loofah mitt, and an apparatus for home sterilization of milk. [16] Some of his inventions were stylish enough to be included in the first-class gymnasium of the RMS Titanic. [86]
Kellogg did not make a concerted effort to profit from his medical inventions.Kellogg’s statement in 1916 about his food company shed light on his general motivations: “I wanted to clarify … that the food business I was pursuing was a part of my general approach to disseminating the ideas of health and biological lifestyle. Otherwise, I should not have done it as a commercial business, but I did it as a part of the general charitable work in which I am engaged. “[16]
Phototherapeutic inventions [edit]
Partly motivated by the shady winter skies in Michigan, Kellogg experimented and worked to develop light therapies, because he believed in the value of the electric light bulb providing heat for the treatment of bodily ailments. [ 16]
He built his first incandescent light bath in 1891, reportedly treating thousands of patients at the Battle Creek Sanitarium before showing the bath at the World’s Columbian Exposition in Chicago in 1893. [87] The invention was reported to have attracted little attention there but was returned to Germany, where it began to be made and sold. [87] It was disseminated in Vienna by Kellogg’s friend Dr.Wilhelm Winternitz; placed in royal palaces throughout Europe; and famously replaced the old Turkish steam bath in athletic clubs. [16] It was only after bath cabinets became popular in Europe that there was a demand within the United States. It was imported from Berlin to New York “as a therapeutic novelty”. [87] In 1896, Kellogg patented the radiant-heat bath in the United States (US558394).
To “make a record of his work and experience as a pioneer in this branch of physiotherapeutics”, Kellogg published his book Light Therapeutics: a practical manual of phototherapy for the student and the practitioner, with special reference in bright electric-light. bath in 1910. [88] In this short work, Kellogg describes the use of arc light on the spine, chest, abdominal region, hips, shoulders, hips and thighs, knees and other joints. He also details about the integration of electrotherapies with hydrotherapies, e.g. the electric light bath with shower and shampoo. [89]
Electrotherapeutic inventions [edit]
Although Kellogg said that “electricity cannot do half the impressive claims for it by many enthusiastic electrotherapists,” he still believes that electric currents are “a very important therapeutic agent, especially when used in conjunction with hydrotherapy, thermotherapy, and other physiologic procedures. “[90] As a result, electrotherapy coils were used in the Static Electrical Department of the Battle Creek Sanitarium primarily for cases of paresthesia of neurasthenia, insomnia, and some type of neuralgia. [90] The equipment was also used to deliver electric shocks to various parts of a patient’s body.
Vibrational therapy by sinusoidal (high-frequency oscillating) electric current was discovered by Kellogg in 1884 to have medical use for increasing blood circulation and passive exercise. [16] In particular, Kellogg invented a shaking chair that is used to stimulate vital organs in the lower abdomen. [16] Even today one can visit the Kellogg Discovery Center in Battle Creek, Michigan, and sit in the Kellogg’s shaking chair, which is equipped with a mechanical oscillation of 20 times per second. [91] Furthermore, Kellogg created an electrotherapy exercise bed in which the sinusoidal current that caused the muscular contraction could be delivered painlessly for twenty minutes and was reported to achieve the stimulation of a brisk four -mile walk. [16 ]
Mechanical massage equipment [edit]
Massage equipment includes a two- or four-person foot vibrator, a mechanical slapping massage device, and a kneading apparatus advertised in 1909 to sell for $ 150.00 (equivalent to approximately $ 4,500 in 2021). [ 92] Kellogg advocates mechanical massage, a branch of mechanotherapy, for cases of anemia, general weakness, and muscle or nerve weakness. [93]
Irrigator [edit]In 1936, Kellogg filed a petition for his invention of improvements to an “irrigating apparatus specifically suited for colonic irrigating, but easy to use for other irrigation treatments.” discharge into the colon as well as the indication and adjustment of the positive pressure of the pumped liquid. [94]
At the Battle Creek Sanitarium, these colonic irrigators are often used to shoot gallons of water into patients ’rectums into their colon, sometimes followed by a half pint yogurt enema to help with further cleansing. It has been suggested that many people get this treatment at one time. [86]
Health perspectives [edit]
Biological life [edit]
By synthesizing his Adventist beliefs into his scientific and medical knowledge, Kellogg created his idea of ”biologic living”. [15] It is the idea that proper diet, exercise, and leisure are needed to maintain a healthy body, mind, and soul. Consequently, the policies and therapies at Battle Creek Sanitarium are highly consistent with these principles of biologic living, such as focusing on vegetarianism or drinking 8–10 glasses of water a day. [95] In fact, his belief that biologic living would protect his health was so strong that he did not even feel the need to get vaccinated against smallpox. [16]: 59
Kellogg’s philosophy is presented in seven textbooks prepared for Adventist schools and colleges. In these, Kellogg placed his primary emphasis on the value of fresh air, exercise, and sunlight, and the dangers of alcohol and tobacco. [16]: 91 In terms of practice, Kellogg’s biological lifestyle is very similar to the methods of Christian physiologists. , which requires abstinence from sexual intercourse, complete abstinence from drugs, and a vegetarian diet. [16]: 44
Tobacco views [edit] Kellogg was a prominent member of the campaign against tobacco consumption, often speaking out on the issue. [96] He believes that tobacco consumption has not only caused physiological damage, but also pathological, nutritional, moral, and economic deterioration in society. His belief is that “tobacco does not have a redemptive property … and is one of the deadliest of all the many poisonous plants known to the botanist.” [97] His beliefs are quite consistent with the prevailing view of Adventists, who became some of the most important supporters of the anti -tobacco movement.
In his 1922 book Tobaccoism, or How Tobacco Kills, Kellogg cited numerous studies on the negative effects of smoking, and even went so far as to link women’s longer lives to the observation that they were exposed to tobacco. less than their male counterparts. [97] ]
Kellogg also served as president of the Michigan Anti-Cigarette Society, and after World War I, he served as a member of the Committee of Fifty to Study the Tobacco Problem. This latter group included Henry Ford, George Peabody, and John Burroughs, and ended up making one of the first anti-smoking educational films. bill in Congress in 1929 aimed at placing tobacco under the scope of the Pure Food and Drug Act. Ultimately, however, this measure failed to pass. [98]
Watch wine and other beverages [edit]
Although alcoholic beverages were commonly used as a stimulant by the medical community at the time Kellogg began his medical practice, he was steadfast in his opposition to the practice. [16] Using alcohol as a remedy to anything is “an evil of astonishing proportions.” [99]
Kellogg contradicted the prevailing notion at the time that alcohol was a stimulant. Citing contemporary research, Kellogg believes that alcohol cannot be a stimulant because it reduces vital activity and depresses vital forces. [99] Seeing its effects on plants, animals, and humans, he felt that alcohol was a poison. [99] Kellogg noted the ill effects of alcohol on both the brain, digestive system, and liver, among other organs.
In addition to the idea that alcohol is an inappropriate therapeutic tool, Kellogg also considered that it led to mental and moral bankruptcy.[99] Alcohol is “one of the devil’s most effective agents in destroying human happiness, both for the present and the afterlife.” [99] Even moderate drinkers are subject to these effects, as Kellogg felt. that the poison is a poison in all doses. .
Kellogg also objected to tea and coffee because of the caffeine content of those beverages. His view is that caffeine is a poison. [100] Not only did he detail the many physiological and developmental problems caused by caffeine, but he also suggested that caffeine use can lead to moral deficiencies. He blamed the proliferation of these beverages not only on the ban on alcoholic beverages at the time, but also on the extensive marketing efforts organized by the producers of these products. Kellogg’s view is that “nature has provided us with pure water, with a wide variety of fruit juices and nutritious and harmless flavors sufficient to meet all our needs.” [101]
In the early 1880s, Kellogg prepared charts and lectures on the dangers of tobacco and alcohol, which were widely used by lecturers to encourage restraint in their students. [16]: 106 In 1878, John Harvey, John Harvey Kellogg, along with Ellen G. White, the founder of Seventh-day Adventists, and several others, organized the American Health and Temperance Association. [16]: 107 The purpose of this organization was to expose the far-reaching dangers of tobacco. , alcohol, tea, and coffee. For 15 years the organization continued, Kellogg remained as its president. [16]: 107
Hydropathy [edit]
Water properties [edit]
Kellogg labeled the various uses of hydropathy as byproducts of many water properties. In his 1876 book, The Uses of Water in Health & Disease, he acknowledged the chemical composition and physical properties of water. Hydrogen and oxygen, when separated, are two “colorless, transparent, and tasteless” gases, which explode when mixed. [102] More importantly, water, he says, has the highest specific heat of any compound (though in fact it doesn’t). Consequently, the amount of heat and energy needed to raise the water temperature is higher than that of other compounds such as mercury. Kellogg addressed the ability of water to absorb enormous amounts of energy when changing stages. He also emphasized the most beneficial property of water, the ability to dissolve many other substances. [103]
Remedial properties of water [edit]
According to Kellogg, water provides remedial properties because of essential resistance and partly because of its physical properties. For Kellogg, the medical uses of water begin with its function as a refrigerant, a way to lower body heat by way of dissipating its production as well as by conduction. “There is no drug in the whole materia medica that will lower body temperature as easily and very effectively as water.” [104] Water can also serve as a sedative. While other substances act as sedatives by exerting their toxic influences on the heart and nerves, water is a milder and better sedative without any negative side effects seen with these other substances. Kellogg said that a cold bath usually reduces a person’s pulse by 20 to 40 beats per minute quickly, in a matter of minutes. In addition, water can act as a tonic, increasing both the speed of circulation and the overall body temperature. A hot bath speeds up a person’s pulse from 70 to 150 beats per minute for 15 minutes. Water is also useful as an anodyne because it can lower nervous sensibility and reduce pain when applied in the form of hot fomentation. Kellogg argues that this method will often provide a relief where every other drug has failed to do so. He also believes that no other treatment can work as well as an antispasmodic, which reduces children’s convulsions and cramps, as water. Water can be an effective astringent because, when coated with cold, it can stop bleeding.Moreover, it can be very effective in making bowel movements. While purgatives will introduce “violent and unpleasant symptoms”, water will not. Although it would not have had as much competition as an emetic at the time, Kellogg believed that no other substance could cause vomiting as much as water did. Returning to one of the most admired properties of Kellogg’s water, it can work as a “most perfect eliminative”. Water can dissolve dirt and foreign matter from the blood. This extensive use of water led to Kellogg’s belief that “the goal of the honest physician should be to accomplish for his patient the greatest amount of well-being at the lowest amount of vitality; and this is an indisputable fact that in a large number of cases water is the only agent from which the favorable purpose can be obtained. “[105]
Misuse of water repellent [edit]
Although Kellogg praised hydropathy for its many uses, he acknowledged its limitations. “In almost all cases, sunlight, pure air, rest, exercise, proper diet, and other hygiene agencies are quite as valuable as water. Electricity, too, is a remedy that should not be ignored; and efficient surgery is absolutely necessary in not a small number of cases. ”[106] In this belief, he criticized many medical figures who misused or overestimated hydropathy in the treatment of the disease. Among them, he criticized what he referred to as “Cold Water Doctors” who would recommend the same remedy regardless of the patient’s type of illness or habit. [107] These doctors will prescribe cold baths in unheated rooms even in the harshest winter. In his opinion, this wrong approach to the disease has resulted in converting hydropathy into a more heroic type of treatment where many are obsessed with bathing in cold water. He addresses the negative consequences that result from this “infatuation”, along with tuberculosis and other diseases. [108] This dangerous habit is only exacerbated by physicians who use hydropathy excessively. Kellogg recounted an instance in which a patient with low -grade typhus fever was treated with 35 cold packs while in a weak state and, not to Kellogg’s surprise, died. Kellogg considers the excessive and dangerous use of hydropathy as a return to the “violent process” of bloodletting, antimony, mercury and purgatives. [109] Kellogg also criticized the ignorance in “Hydropathic Quacks” as well as in Preissnitz, the founder of modern hydropathy, himself. Kellogg said that “Quacks” as well as Preissnitz were ignorant for over-valuing hydropathy as a “cure-all” without understanding the true nature of the disease. [110]
Views on sexuality [edit]
Both a doctor and an Adventist, Kellogg was an advocate of sexual abstinence. As a physician, Kellogg was well aware of the devastating effects of sexually transmitted diseases such as syphilis, which were incurable before the 1910s. [111] Kellogg devoted a large amount of his educational and medical work to discouraging sexual activity based on risks that were both scientifically understood at the time-such as those of sexually transmitted diseases-and those taught by Seventh-day Adventist Church. [112] [113] [114]
Kellogg was a follower of the teachings of Ellen G. White and Sylvester Graham. Graham, who inspired the creation of the graham cracker, advocated keeping the diet simple to prevent sexual arousal. [115] Kellogg’s work on diet was influenced by the belief that a simple and healthy diet, with only two meals a day, could reduce sexual feelings. Those who experience temptation avoid stimulant food and drink, and eat very little meat, if any. [116] [117]
Kellogg set out his views on those matters in one of his larger books, published in longer editions at the beginning of the 20th century. He was single when he published the first edition of Plain Facts about Sexual Life (1877, 1st, 356 pages).He and his bride apparently wrote an additional 156 pages during his honeymoon, releasing the new edition as Plain Facts for Old and Young (1879, 2nd, 512 pages). In 1886 it was 644 pages; by 1901, 720 pages; in 1903, 798; and in 1917 Kellogg published a four -volume 900 -page edition. An estimated half a million copies were sold, many through careful door-to-door canvassers. [118]
“War with lust” [edit]
Kellogg warns that many types of sexual activity, including “excesses” that can be a couple’s fault within marriage, are unnatural, and therefore, extremely unhealthy. He used the warnings of William Acton [119] and expressed support for the work of his contemporary Anthony Comstock. [120] He appears to have followed his own advice; it is believed that his own marriage never ended. [27]: 168
Kellogg was an ardent campaigner against masturbation. It was an orthodox view at the time, especially in the early part of his life. Kellogg got many claims from medical sources such as “neither the plague, nor the war, nor the smallpox, nor the similar diseases, produced results as highly detrimental to mankind as the destructive habit of onanism “, credited to a Dr. Adam Clarke. Kellogg strongly warns against the habit in his own words, claiming masturbation-related deaths “such a victim literally died by his own hand”, among other condemnations. She felt that masturbation was detrimental not only to physical and mental health, but also to moral health. Kellogg also believes that the practice of this “solitary-vice” caused womb cancer, urinary disorders, nocturnal emissions, impotence, epilepsy, insanity, and mental and physical weakness; “darkening of vision” is mentioned only briefly. Kellogg thought that masturbation was the worst one could do; he often referred to it as “self-abuse”. [121] [122] Kellogg considered sexual climax to be a severe depletion of nervous energy, writing “.. [sex] is accompanied by a strange nervous spasm, … one that is more systemic fatigue than any other .. . “[123]
Avoidance of masturbation and cultural myths
Popular misconceptions wrongly associate Kellogg’s with various broken practices to avoid masturbation. These include false claims that he invented corn flakes to prevent practice and that he was responsible for the widespread prevalence of circumcision in the United States. [11] [12] [124] In fact, he opposed the growing medical consensus at the time that favored routine circumcision, and further promoted corn flakes as a way to prevent indigestion. [11] [12]
In contrast to the mainstream medical community, such as English physicians Jonathan Hutchinson and Lewis Sayre, who increasingly promoted the technique as a prophylactic against sexually transmitted diseases and epilepsy, Kellogg saw these statements as no basis and not supported by scientific evidence, believing it should be relegated to an extreme measure applied exclusively to those with masturbation addiction. [11] [45] Individuals such as Lewis Sayre, a founder of the American Medical Association, had a greater influence on the popularity of surgery within the country. [124] [127]
However, Kellogg promoted extensive measures to prevent masturbation addiction. [45] She circumcised herself at age 37. Her procedures for the “rehabilitation” of masturbation addicts included steps up to the point of amputation of the genital part, without anesthesia, of both sexes; he wrote that men should be circumcised and that women should have carbolic acid applied to their clitoral glans. [45] In his Plain Facts for Old and Young, he wrote: [45] One remedy that is almost always successful in young men is circumcision, especially when there is any degree of phimosis.The operation should be performed by a surgeon without providing anesthesia, as the short -term pain that attends to the operation will have a beneficial effect on the mind, especially if it is connected with the idea of punishment, as may happen in some cases. . Pain that persists for several weeks interferes with training, and if it has not yet become very stable, it can be forgotten and can no longer be resumed. [59]
further
a form of treatment [to prevent masturbation] … and we used it with great pleasure. It consists in placing one or more silver stitches in such a way as to prevent stiffness. The prepuce, or foreskin, is drawn forward over the glans, and the needle to which the wire is attached is passed from one side to the other. After drawing the wire, the ends are bent together, and cut closely. It is now impossible for an erection to occur, and slight irritation thus serves as a most powerful way to overcome the disposition to use exercise.
at
In women, the author found placing pure carbolic acid (phenol) in the clitoris to be a great way of alleviating abnormal excitement.
He also recommends, to prevent children from “single vice”, bandaging or tying their hands, covering their genitals with patented cages and electrical shock. [45]
In her Ladies ’Guide in Health and Disease, for nymphomania, she recommends
Cool sitz bath; the cool enema; a spare diet; the placement of blisters and other irritants on the sensitive parts of the sexual organs, the removal of the clitoris and nymphae …
Later life [edit]
Kellogg will live more than 60 years after writing Plain Facts. He continued to make advice on healthy eating and run the sanitarium, although it was hit by the Great Depression and had to be sold. He ran another institute in Florida, which was famous throughout his life, [128] though it was a unique step down from his Battle Creek institute. [129]
Journal of Good Health [edit]
Kellogg became editor of the Health Reformer journal in 1874. The journal changed its name to Good Health in 1879 and Kellogg held his editorial position for many years until his death. [130] The journal Good Health has over 20,000 subscribers and was published until 1955. [131]
Race Betterment Foundation [edit]
Kellogg was outspoken about his racial views and his belief in racial segregation, regardless of the fact that he himself raised several black foster children. In 1906, together with Irving Fisher and Charles Davenport, Kellogg founded the Race Betterment Foundation, which became the main center of the new eugenics movement in America. Kellogg favored racial segregation in the United States and also believed that immigrants and non -whites would damage the gene pool of the white American population. [132]
Last relationship with Will Keith Kellogg [edit]
Kellogg had a long personal and business split with his brother, after fighting in court for rights to cereal recipes. The Foundation for Economic Education notes that nonagenarian J.H. Kellogg prepared a letter aimed at reopening the relationship. His secretary decided that his boss despised himself here and refused to send it. The younger Kellogg did not see it until his brother’s death. [27]: 381–382>
Selected publications [edit]
1877 Plain Facts for Adults and Children. Self-Abuse … After carefully considering the causes and effects of this horrible evil, the next question to consider is, How will it be cured? When a person, through ignorance or weakness, has brought upon himself the horrible effects described, how can he find relief from his ailments, if restoration is possible? In answer to these questions, most of the remaining pages of this work will be devoted. But before entering into a description of the methods of healing, a brief consideration on the subject of habit prevention would be in order.
1888 Treatment for Self-Abuse and Its Effects.
1893 Ladies Guide to Health and Disease1880, 1886, 1899 The Home Hand-Book of Domestic Hygiene and Rational Medicine
1903 Rational Hydrotherapy
1910 Light Therapeutics
1914 Necessity – A New Human Race Official Proceedings: Vol. I, Proceedings of the First National Conference on Race Improvement. Battle Creek, MI: Race Betterment Foundation, 431–450.
Official Procedure: Vol. I, Proceedings of the First National Conference on Race Improvement. Battle Creek, MI: Race Betterment Foundation, 431–450. 1915 “Health and Efficiency” Macmillan M. V. O’Shea at J. H.Kellogg (The Health Series of Physiology and Hygiene)
1915 The Eugenics Registry Official Proceedings: Vol II, Proceedings of the Second National Conference on Race Betterment. Battle Creek, MI: Race Betterment Foundation.
Official Proceedings: Vol II, Proceedings of the Second National Conference on Race Improvement. Battle Creek, MI: Race Betterment Foundation. 1918 “The Itinerary of a Breakfast” Funk & Wagnalls Company: New York at London
1922 Autointoxication or Intestinal Toxemia
1923 Tobaccoism or How Tobacco Kills
1927 New Dietetics: A Scientific Guide to Nutrition in Health and Disease
1929 The Art of Massage: A Practical Manual for the Nurse, Student and Practitioner [133]
In popular culture [edit]
British actor Anthony Hopkins plays a highly fictional Dr. J.H. Kellogg in Alan Parker’s American 1994 film The Road to Wellville. This film depicts the fire of the sanitarium building complex, and ends with Dr. Kellogg, years later, dying of a heart attack while diving from a high board.
See also [edit]
References [edit]
Eric Stoltz-Net Worth, Salary, Movies, Short Bio, Wife, Works,
Eric Stoltz is one of the versatile performers, who has truly provided talent in various fields such as acting, directing, and producing. Eric became the limelight following his role as Rocky Dennis in the smash-hit drama Mask. His exceptional role in a project also earned him a Golden Globe Award.
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What is Eric Stoltz’s Net Worth? Sources of Income And Wages
Eric Stoltz has an estimated net worth of $ 5 million, according to Celebrity Net Worth in 2020. A major portion of his wealth comes primarily from his numerous professions as an actor, director, and producer.
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The mane of many talents, Eric Stoltz has been recognized for more than 100 projects since starting the journey in 1978. But, any details of his salary are still not available in online resources.
American actor Eric StoltzSource: Bio Gossip
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Movie Budget – Box Office Cast Member The Butterfly Effect (2004) $ 13 million – $ 96.1 million Ashton Kutcher and Amy Smart Mask (1985) $ 7.5 million – $ 48.2 million Sam Elliott and Laura Dern Pulp Fiction (1994) $ 8–8.5 million – $ 213.9 million John Travolta, Samuel L. Jackson, and Uma Thurman Back to the Future (1985) $ 19 million – $ 389.1 million Michael J. Fox, Christopher Lloyd, and Lea Thompson
Sources reported that the average salary of an actor is more than $ 53,000 a year.
Other Tasks
Eric Stoltz has worked as a director and producer for many recognized projects. She landed first roles in Private Practice (2009-11), Glee (2010-14), and Madam Secretary (2014-16). Sources suggest that the director’s salary in the US is from $ 32- $ 150k a year.
Stoltz has also produced Bodies, Rest & Motion, Sleep with Me, Fort McCoy, and more.
Short-Bio By Eric Stoltz
Eric Stoltz was born on September 30, 1961, in Whittier, California. She is like Evelyn Vawter, a violinist and tutor at the school, and Jack Stoltz, a tutor at the school. He also has two sisters, Susan Stoltz, a writer, and Catherine Stoltz, an opera singer.
Stoltz spent most of his childhood in both American Samoa and Santa Barbara, California. He was an avid pianist from an early age and even started earning money by playing the piano for local musical theater productions at the age of fourteen.
Eric attended San Marcos High School in Santa Barbara. He later enrolled at the University of Southern California but left college after his junior year.
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Who is His Wife?
Eric Stoltz exchanged the vows with his wife Bernadette Moley, a singer in 2005. The adorable couple is leading a happy married life ever since.
Eric Stoltz and wife Bernadette MoleySource: Getty Image
They were also blessed with two children, a daughter Catalina Stoltz.
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